media-libs/libcanberra ebuild installs this file /etc/X11/xinit/xinitrc.d/40-libcanberra-gtk-module to set GTK_MODULES="canberra-gtk-module" env var. However this takes no note of libcanberra's own USE flags gtk2/gtk3. I don't know if this is authoritative and current info on the subject, but it appears from https://developer-old.gnome.org/gtk2/stable/gtk-running.html that there are GTK-version-specific envvars available, so it would be better for this file to be generated on merge to define the appropriate envvar according to the USE flags: USE="gtk2 gtk3" : set GTK_MODULES USE="gtk2 -gtk3" : set GTK2_MODULES USE="-gtk2 gtk3" : set GTK3_MODULES Without this specificity, you get e.g. GTK2 apps complaining of not finding the module if USE="-gtk2".