file /usr/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload/_struct.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so /usr/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload/_struct.cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu.so: ELF 64-bit LSB shared object, x86-64, version 1 (SYSV), dynamically linked, stripped The same result for any other file inside that directory. For python-3.6 i am instead having those files in /usr/lib64/python3.6/lib/dynload. So it seems like python-3.7 and higher ignore the libdir and install 64bit files in the wrong location. emerge -pv python:3.7: [ebuild R ] dev-lang/python-3.7.7-r2:3.7/3.7m::gentoo USE="(abiwrapper) hardened ncurses readline sqlite ssl tk xml -bluetooth -build -examples -gdbm -ipv6 -libressl -test -wininst" MULTILIB_ABI="amd64 x86" 0 KiB emerge --info: Portage 2.3.83-multilib (python 3.6.10-final-0, default/linux/amd64/17.1/hardened, gcc-9.2.0, glibc-2.31-r5, 4.19.124-gentoo x86_64) ================================================================= System uname: Linux-4.19.124-gentoo-x86_64-Intel-R-_Core-TM-_i7-4790_CPU_@_3.60GHz-with-gentoo-2.7 KiB Mem: 32856940 total, 27903940 free KiB Swap: 1048572 total, 1048572 free Head commit of repository gentoo: 3fb9321eeda5cdfcf6c70138699476b10a1478b8 sh bash 5.0_p17 ld GNU ld (Gentoo 2.33.1 p2) 2.33.1 app-shells/bash: 5.0_p17::gentoo dev-java/java-config: 2.2.0-r4::gentoo dev-lang/perl: 5.30.3-r1::gentoo dev-lang/python: 2.7.18::gentoo, 3.6.10-r2::gentoo, 3.7.7-r2::gentoo, 3.8.3::gentoo dev-util/cmake: 3.17.3::gentoo dev-util/pkgconfig: 0.29.2::gentoo sys-apps/baselayout: 2.7::gentoo sys-apps/openrc: 0.42.1::gentoo sys-apps/sandbox: 2.20::gentoo sys-devel/autoconf: 2.13-r1::gentoo, 2.69-r5::gentoo sys-devel/automake: 1.13.4-r2::gentoo, 1.15.1-r2::gentoo, 1.16.2::gentoo sys-devel/binutils: 2.32-r1::gentoo, 2.33.1-r1::gentoo, 2.34-r1::gentoo sys-devel/gcc: 8.2.0-r6::gentoo, 9.2.0-r4::gentoo, 10.1.0-r1::gentoo sys-devel/gcc-config: 2.3::gentoo sys-devel/libtool: 2.4.6-r6::gentoo sys-devel/make: 4.3::gentoo sys-kernel/linux-headers: 5.7::gentoo (virtual/os-headers) sys-libs/glibc: 2.31-r5::gentoo Repositories: gentoo location: /usr/portage sync-type: git sync-uri: git+ssh://git@git.gentoo.org/repo/gentoo.git priority: -1000 eclass-overrides: gentoo local eclipse location: /var/lib/layman/eclipse masters: gentoo priority: 50 eclass-overrides: gentoo local enlightenment location: /var/lib/layman/enlightenment masters: gentoo priority: 50 eclass-overrides: gentoo local java location: /var/lib/layman/java masters: gentoo priority: 50 eclass-overrides: gentoo local multilib-portage location: /var/lib/layman/multilib-portage masters: gentoo priority: 50 eclass-overrides: gentoo local tastytea location: /var/lib/layman/tastytea masters: gentoo priority: 50 eclass-overrides: gentoo local local location: /usr/local/portage masters: gentoo priority: 100 eclass-overrides: gentoo local Installed sets: @fonts ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="amd64 ~amd64" ACCEPT_LICENSE="*" CBUILD="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" CFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe" CHOST="x86_64-pc-linux-gnu" CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /usr/lib64/libreoffice/program/sofficerc /usr/share/config /usr/share/gnupg/qualified.txt" CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/ca-certificates.conf /etc/dconf /etc/env.d /etc/fonts/fonts.conf /etc/gconf /etc/gentoo-release /etc/revdep-rebuild /etc/sandbox.d /etc/terminfo" CXXFLAGS="-march=native -O2 -pipe" DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles" EMERGE_DEFAULT_OPTS="--keep-going" ENV_UNSET="DBUS_SESSION_BUS_ADDRESS DISPLAY GOBIN GOPATH PERL5LIB PERL5OPT PERLPREFIX PERL_CORE PERL_MB_OPT PERL_MM_OPT XAUTHORITY XDG_CACHE_HOME XDG_CONFIG_HOME XDG_DATA_HOME XDG_RUNTIME_DIR" FCFLAGS="-O2 -pipe" FEATURES="assume-digests binpkg-docompress binpkg-dostrip binpkg-logs collision-protect distlocks ebuild-locks fixlafiles force-multilib ipc-sandbox merge-sync metadata-transfer network-sandbox news parallel-fetch pid-sandbox preserve-libs protect-owned sandbox sfperms sign splitdebug strict strict-keepdir unknown-features-warn unmerge-logs unmerge-orphans userfetch userpriv usersandbox xattr" FFLAGS="-O2 -pipe" GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://ftp.spline.inf.fu-berlin.de/mirrors/gentoo/ ftp://ftp.uni-erlangen.de/pub/mirrors/gentoo ftp://ftp.snt.utwente.nl/pub/os/linux/gentoo" LANG="en_US.UTF-8" LDFLAGS="-Wl,--as-needed -Wl,--hash-style=gnu" LINGUAS="en de" MAKEOPTS="-j6 --load-average=8" PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages" PORTAGE_CONFIGROOT="/" PORTAGE_RSYNC_OPTS="--recursive --links --safe-links --perms --times --omit-dir-times --compress --force --whole-file --delete --stats --human-readable --timeout=180 --exclude=/distfiles --exclude=/local --exclude=/packages --exclude=/.git" PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp" USE="3dnow X alsa amd64 crypt cups custom-cflags custom-cxxflags custom-optimization gpm hardened java5 java6 libtirpc mmx ncurses nls nptl nsplugin ogg openmp opus pam pie readline scanner seccomp split-usr sse sse2 ssl ssp system-sqlite unicode v4l vorbis vulkan xattr xinerama xtpax zlib" ADA_TARGET="gnat_2018" ALSA_CARDS="hda-intel" APACHE2_MODULES="authn_core authz_core socache_shmcb unixd actions alias auth_basic authn_alias authn_anon authn_dbm authn_default authn_file authz_dbm authz_default authz_groupfile authz_host authz_owner authz_user autoindex cache cgi cgid dav dav_fs dav_lock deflate dir disk_cache env expires ext_filter file_cache filter headers include info log_config logio mem_cache mime mime_magic negotiation rewrite setenvif speling status unique_id userdir usertrack vhost_alias" CALLIGRA_FEATURES="karbon sheets words" COLLECTD_PLUGINS="df interface irq load memory rrdtool swap syslog" CPU_FLAGS_X86="aes avx avx2 fma3 mmx mmxext popcnt sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3" ELIBC="glibc" GPSD_PROTOCOLS="ashtech aivdm earthmate evermore fv18 garmin garmintxt gpsclock greis isync itrax mtk3301 nmea ntrip navcom oceanserver oldstyle oncore rtcm104v2 rtcm104v3 sirf skytraq superstar2 timing tsip tripmate tnt ublox ubx" INPUT_DEVICES="libinput" KERNEL="linux" L10N="en-GB de" LCD_DEVICES="bayrad cfontz cfontz633 glk hd44780 lb216 lcdm001 mtxorb ncurses text" MULTILIB_ABI="amd64 x86" OFFICE_IMPLEMENTATION="libreoffice" PHP_TARGETS="php7-2" POSTGRES_TARGETS="postgres10 postgres11" PYTHON_SINGLE_TARGET="python3_7" PYTHON_TARGETS="python2_7 python3_7 python3_6" RUBY_TARGETS="ruby26" SANE_BACKENDS="hp hp3500 hp3900 hp4200 hp5400 hp5590 hpljm1005 hpsj5s hs2p" USERLAND="GNU" VIDEO_CARDS="nvidia" XTABLES_ADDONS="quota2 psd pknock lscan length2 ipv4options ipset ipp2p iface geoip fuzzy condition tee tarpit sysrq steal rawnat logmark ipmark dhcpmac delude chaos account" Unset: CC, CPPFLAGS, CTARGET, CXX, INSTALL_MASK, LC_ALL, PORTAGE_BINHOST, PORTAGE_BUNZIP2_COMMAND, PORTAGE_COMPRESS, PORTAGE_COMPRESS_FLAGS, PORTAGE_RSYNC_EXTRA_OPTS
The location is not wrong. It's permitted to install host-native executables in subdirs of /usr/lib. This is what upstream is doing, this is what other upstreams roughly expect and no, we're not going to continue carrying a patchset just because in 2000s someone suddenly started moving everything to lib64 because they could.
To expand on mgorny's response: This was an intentional decision made by the python team primarily to reduce the amount of distro-specific patching we need to do. It may also be helpful when cross-compiling modules if the python libdir is consistent across all archs.
So lets first start with the official docs: https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:AMD64/Multilib_layout says: Any ebuilds that attempt to install native libraries to /usr/lib need to be fixed to use get_libdir function (provided by EAPI 6 or multilib.eclass in earlier EAPIs) to obtain the correct library directory name. And those files inside /usr/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload are obviously native libraries. So per the official docs, those should instead go to /usr/lib64/python3.7/lib-dynload. The answer from mgorny is about "host-native executables", which is not the same as native libraries. executables should usually go to /usr/bin. Not sure, why you would want to install them into /usr/lib. Installing them into a fixed none abi-specific location will prevent people from cross-compiling/creating none host-native executables as the install location is fixed in the ebuild. So this would either overwrite the host-native executable or getting overwritten by the host-native executable. For cross-compiling: Not sure, where you got the info, that the current layout helps cross-compiling as it is the exact opposite. If abi-specific files are inside a fixed none abi-specific directory (like the fixed /usr/lib/python3.7 in this case), you cannot install abi-specific files for all ABIs (like for example 32bit libs and 64bit libs on amd64 multilib). But without 32bit libs avaidable, you cannot cross-compile and link anything that wants to use those 32bit libs.
(In reply to Thomas Sachau from comment #3) > So lets first start with the official docs: > > https://wiki.gentoo.org/wiki/Project:AMD64/Multilib_layout says: > > Any ebuilds that attempt to install native libraries to /usr/lib need to be > fixed to use get_libdir function (provided by EAPI 6 or multilib.eclass in > earlier EAPIs) to obtain the correct library directory name. > > And those files inside /usr/lib/python3.7/lib-dynload are obviously native > libraries. > > So per the official docs, those should instead go to > /usr/lib64/python3.7/lib-dynload. There is no mention of subdirectories of /usr/lib in the documentation you quoted. > For cross-compiling: Not sure, where you got the info, that the current > layout helps cross-compiling as it is the exact opposite. If abi-specific > files are inside a fixed none abi-specific directory (like the fixed > /usr/lib/python3.7 in this case), you cannot install abi-specific files for > all ABIs (like for example 32bit libs and 64bit libs on amd64 multilib). But > without 32bit libs avaidable, you cannot cross-compile and link anything > that wants to use those 32bit libs. I mean cross-compiling where ROOT != /, not multilib for the same with the same ROOT. When cross-compiling, you generally have to invoke CBUILD python to install modules for CHOST, and it is helpful if both pythons install things into the same site-packages directory. Collisions are avoided by use of the ROOT variable. Regarding multilib: 1. We don't support multilib Python in Gentoo, and have no plans to do so. 2. In modern versions of python, extension modules have the ABI encoded into the filename (cpython-37m-x86_64-linux-gnu), which ensures that installing multiple ABIs in /usr/lib/python will not cause collisions.
Here is the current policy on installing things in /usr/lib vs /usr/lib64. https://projects.gentoo.org/qa/policy-guide/filesystem.html#pg0203 "Libraries installed as a part of larger software package can be installed along with it into a subdirectory of lib."
