LinBox is a computational linear algebra library that features both numeric and symbolic/exact methods. "givaro" is another library for similar functionality that LinBox can be configured to call. LinBox can also call Doxygen, Expat, Atlas, NTL and GMP, which are already in Portage. It can also call "saclib" and "lidia", but those appear to have "non-commercial/academic" licenses, so I didn't download them. "givaro" is a straightforward compile/install. I'm still trying to get LinBox to pass its own internal checks (make check), but it did configure and make successfully.
No progress here for over 1 year, closing WONTFIX. Feel free to reopen with an ebuild.