If I use phpMyAdmin from http://localhost it works fine. If I use my IP address of/on the local machine it works fine. If I put in my IP address from a remote machine (ie. a windows box for example to load this phpmyadmin), all images are broken and no CSS is applied. It's worth noting that my computer is a notebook without a domain name or any of that, however, I would expect all the images/CSS to be local references to the directory they are in, and not care what host name/DNS I have set up.
Your $cfg['PmaAbsoluteUri'] in config.inc.php is not set correctly... (and no, localhost obviously won't work from remote boxes).
