I was walking through a security guide on http://www.puschitz.com/SecuringLinux.shtml So I ran the command egrep -v ':\*|:!' /etc/shadow | awk -F: '{print $1}' root cron sshd at squid gdm xfs named mysql postgres apache <- the apache user? nut cyrus vpopmail alias qmaild qmaill qmailp <- i.e. the qmail... users ? qmailq qmailr qmails postfix smmsp portage As I was curious where all these users come from I was advised to run find / -user <account> The result is find: /proc/28231/fd/4: Datei oder Verzeichnis nicht gefunden The results are nearly the same, only the numbers # in the "proc/###/fd/4" filesystem are changing. The only users actually used are "root", "portage", "mysql" and my private user, which I haven't included on the list. Now I have found out, that during system build various users have been created by the "baselayout" package. Is this really necessary? I apologize, if that is a dumb question. Thanks. Reproducible: Didn't try Steps to Reproduce: 1. 2. 3. Expected Results: Only add users to the system that are really necessary. * sys-apps/baselayout Latest version installed: 1.8.6.13 Portage 2.0.51-r3 (default-linux/x86/2004.0, gcc-3.3.2, glibc-2.3.4.20040808-r1, 2.4.26-gentoo-r13 i686) ================================================================= System uname: 2.4.26-gentoo-r13 i686 Pentium III (Katmai) Gentoo Base System version 1.4.3.13 Autoconf: sys-devel/autoconf-2.59-r5 Automake: sys-devel/automake-1.8.5-r1 Binutils: sys-devel/binutils-2.14.90.0.7-r4 Headers: sys-kernel/linux-headers-2.4.21 Libtools: sys-devel/libtool-1.4.3-r3 ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="x86" AUTOCLEAN="yes" CFLAGS="-O2 -march=pentium3 -fomit-frame-pointer" CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu" COMPILER="" CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb /usr/kde/2/share/config /usr/kde/3.2/share/config /usr/kde/3/share/config /usr/lib/mozilla/defaults/pref /usr/share/config /var/qmail/control" CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/gconf /etc/env.d" CXXFLAGS="-O2 -march=pentium3 -fomit-frame-pointer" DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles" FEATURES="autoaddcvs autoconfig ccache distlocks sandbox sfperms" GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de/pub/Mirrors/gentoo/" MAKEOPTS="-j2" PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages" PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp" PORTDIR="/usr/portage" PORTDIR_OVERLAY="" SYNC="rsync://rsync.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage/" USE="x86 X apm arts avi berkdb bitmap-fonts bonobo cdr crypt cups encode esd f77 fam flac font-server foomaticdb fortran gdbm gif gnome gpm gtk gtk2 gtkhtml guile imlib ipv6 java jpeg junit kde ldap libg++ libwww mad mikmod mmx motif mozilla mpeg mysql ncurses nls oggvorbis opengl oss pam pdflib perl png python qt quicktime readline sdl slang spell sse ssl svga tcltk tcpd tiff truetype truetype-fonts type1-fonts xml xml2 xmms xv zlib linguas_de"
*** This bug has been marked as a duplicate of 53269 ***
