Attachment 18574 Details for Bug 30100 – Hungarian translation of alsa-guide.xml

Hungarian translation of alsa-guide.xml

alsa-guide.xml (text/plain), 14.38 KB, created by Thomas Ferencz (RETIRED) on 2003-10-01 12:18:51 UTC

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><?xml version='1.0' encoding="UTF-8"?>
><!DOCTYPE guide SYSTEM "/dtd/guide.dtd">
>
><guide link = "/doc/en/alsa-guide.xml">
><title>Gentoo Linux ALSA Guide</title>
><author title="Author"><mail link="zu@pandora.be">
>	Vincent Verleye</mail>
></author>
>
><author title="Editor"><mail link="zhen@gentoo.org">
>	John P. Davis</mail>
></author>
>
><author title="Hungarian Translator"><mail link="drstrange@mailbox.hu">
>	Thomas Ferencz</mail>
></author>
>
><abstract>
>EbbÄÅ¼Ël az ÄÅ¼ËtmutatÄÅ¼ËbÄÅ¼Ël megtudhatod, hogyan ÄÅ¼ËllÄÅ¼Ëthatod be az Advanced Linux Sound Architecture-t (ALSA) a Gentoo Linuxon.
>A Gentoo Linux Desktop BeÄÅ¼ËllÄÅ¼ËtÄÅ¼Ësi ÄÅ¼ËtmutatÄÅ¼Ëban leÄÅ¼ËrtaknÄÅ¼Ël rÄÅ¼Ëszletesebb informÄÅ¼ËciÄÅ¼Ëkhoz juthatsz itt. </abstract>
><license/>
><date>8 May 2003</date>
>
><chapter>
><title>BevezetÄÅ¼Ës</title>
><section>
>	<title>Mi az ALSA?</title>
><body>
><p>
>Az Advanced Linux Sound Architecture (ALSA) projekt cÄÅ¼Ëlja a Linux hangrendszerÄÅ¼Ënek fejlesztÄÅ¼Ëse - az eredeti hangrendszer jelentÄÅ¼Ës rÄÅ¼ËszÄÅ¼Ënek ÄÅ¼ËtÄÅ¼ËrÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ëval.
>Az ALSA be fog kerÄÅ¼Ëlni a 2.6.x-es verziÄÅ¼ËjÄÅ¼Ë (vagy a 3.x.x -- amelyiket elÄÅ¼Ëbb kiadjÄÅ¼Ëk) kernelbe (mÄÅ¼Ër a 2.5.x fejleztÄÅ¼Ëi sorozatban is benne van, ÄÅ¼Ës hasznÄÅ¼ËlhatÄÅ¼Ë).
></p>
>
><p>
>Az ALSA hang- ÄÅ¼Ës MIDI szolgÄÅ¼ËltatÄÅ¼Ëst biztosÄÅ¼Ët a Linux rÄÅ¼ËszÄÅ¼Ëre.
></p>
>
><p>
>Amint azt az <uri>http://www.alsa-project.org</uri>-on ÄÅ¼ËrjÄÅ¼Ëk, az ALSA a kÄÅ¼ËvetkezÄÅ¼Ëket tudja:
><ul><li> HatÄÅ¼Ëkony tÄÅ¼ËmogatÄÅ¼Ës valamennyi tÄÅ¼ËpusÄÅ¼Ë audio interfÄÅ¼Ëszhez, kommersz hangkÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼ËktÄÅ¼Ël a profi tÄÅ¼ËbbcsatornÄÅ¼Ës eszkÄÅ¼ËzÄÅ¼Ëkig.</li>
>    <li> Teljesen modularizÄÅ¼Ëlt hangkÄÅ¼Ërtya-meghajtÄÅ¼Ëk.</li>
>    <li> SMP ÄÅ¼Ës elÄÅ¼ËgazÄÅ¼Ës-biztos felÄÅ¼ËpÄÅ¼ËtÄÅ¼Ës.</li>
>    <li> User space kÄÅ¼ËnyvtÄÅ¼Ër (alsa-lib) a programozÄÅ¼Ës megkÄÅ¼ËnnyÄÅ¼ËtÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ëre ÄÅ¼Ës magasabb szintÄÅ¼Ë funkcionalitÄÅ¼Ës ÄÅ¼ËrdekÄÅ¼Ëben.</li>
>    <li> A rÄÅ¼Ëgebbi OSS API tÄÅ¼ËmogatÄÅ¼Ësa, binÄÅ¼Ëris kompatibilitÄÅ¼Ës a legtÄÅ¼Ëbb OSS programmal.</li>
></ul>
>Az ALSA azonban ennÄÅ¼Ël mÄÅ¼Ëg sokkal tÄÅ¼Ëbbet is tud, pÄÅ¼ËldÄÅ¼Ëul tÄÅ¼Ëmogatja a Full Duplex lejÄÅ¼ËtszÄÅ¼Ëst ÄÅ¼Ës felvÄÅ¼Ëtelt, egyszerre tÄÅ¼Ëbb hangkÄÅ¼Ërtya kezelÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ët,
>hardveres adatfolyam-mixelÄÅ¼Ëst, kiterjedt mixelÄÅ¼Ësi lehetÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ëgekkel rendelkezik (az ÄÅ¼Ëj hangkÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼Ëk elÄÅ¼Ërehaladott kÄÅ¼ËpessÄÅ¼Ëgeit tÄÅ¼ËmogatandÄÅ¼Ë), ...
></p>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>MiÄÅ¼Ërt az ALSÄÅ¼Ë-t hasznÄÅ¼Ëljam?</title>
><body>
><p>
>Ha a hangkÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼Ëdat tÄÅ¼Ëmogatja a Linux kernelbe ÄÅ¼ËpÄÅ¼Ëtett hangrendszer, vagy a kereskedelmi OSS/4Front meghajtÄÅ¼Ërendszer,
>mely elÄÅ¼Ëbbi valamennyi 2.4-es kernelben benne foglaltatik, akÄÅ¼Ër azokat is hasznÄÅ¼Ëlhatod.
>Ha ezt szeretnÄÅ¼Ëd, csak olvasd el a <uri link="http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO/index.html">Linux Sound HOWTO</uri>-t.
></p>
><p>
>MindazonÄÅ¼Ëltal azoknak az OSS/4Front meghajtÄÅ¼Ëknak vannak korÄÅ¼Ëtaik -- tÄÅ¼Ëbbek kÄÅ¼Ëzt az, hogy fizetÄÅ¼Ësek.
>Az ALSA kÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ërlet arra, hogy ezeket a korlÄÅ¼Ëtokat meg lehessen haladni, mÄÅ¼ËghozzÄÅ¼Ë nyÄÅ¼Ëlt forrÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ë rendszerben.
>Az ALSA teljes egÄÅ¼ËszÄÅ¼Ëben GPL ÄÅ¼Ës LGPL licensz alÄÅ¼Ë esik, ÄÅ¼Ës professzionÄÅ¼Ëlis minÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ëget nyÄÅ¼Ëjt lejÄÅ¼ËtszÄÅ¼Ësban, felvÄÅ¼Ëtelben, MIDI szekvenÄÅ¼ËlÄÅ¼Ësban egyarÄÅ¼Ënt.
></p>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>Milyen kÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼Ëkat tÄÅ¼Ëmogat az ALSA?</title>
><body>
><p>
>Az ALSA annyi (ÄÅ¼Ëj) kÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼Ët tÄÅ¼Ëmogat nyÄÅ¼Ëlt forrÄÅ¼ËsÄÅ¼Ë meghajtÄÅ¼Ëkkal, amennyit csak lehet.
>MindazonÄÅ¼Ëltal elÄÅ¼Ëfordulhat, hogy egyes gyÄÅ¼ËrtÄÅ¼Ëk csak binÄÅ¼Ëris ÄÅ¼ËllomÄÅ¼Ënyokat adnak ki.
></p>
><p>Hogy megtudhasd, tÄÅ¼Ëmogatott-e a hangkÄÅ¼ËrtyÄÅ¼Ëd, rendelkezÄÅ¼Ësedre ÄÅ¼Ëll egy mÄÅ¼Ëtrix az alÄÅ¼Ëbbi cÄÅ¼Ëmen:
><uri>http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc/</uri>.
></p>
></body>
></section>
></chapter>
>
><chapter>
><title>TelepÄÅ¼ËtÄÅ¼Ës</title>
><section>
>	<title>Kernelmodulok</title>
><body>
><p>
>Since we're still using 2.4.x kernel sources, we'll have to compile kernel modules and ALSA modules separately. People who are using a 2.5.x kernel can do this from within their kernel configuration, since the ALSA modules are included in the kernel sources and should be built there.
></p>
><p>
>First we'll make sure that our kernel configuration is ready for use with ALSA.
>All you need in your kernel configuration is having Sound Card Support set to be built as a module (M).
>This will build <c>soundcore.o</c>.
></p>
><p>
><note>
>Possibly, this will also work when you built Sound Card Support in the kernel (Y) instead of building it as a module (M).
>However, the official ALSA documentation suggests building it as a module, since ALSA will try loading it.
></note>
></p>
><p>If you already have a working kernel configuration, make sure you remove all sound drivers (except for Sound Card Support).
>If you wish to do this without having to reboot, you could do like this:
></p>
><pre>
># <c>cd /usr/src/linux</c>
># <c>cp .config ~/</c>
># <c>make mrproper</c>
># <c>cp ~/.config .</c>
># <c>make menuconfig</c>
></pre>
><p>
>Now select <e>Sound Card Support</e> as Module (M) and deselect all other sound drivers.
>Exit and say Y to save your kernel configuration.
>After that, build the modules:
></p>
><pre>
># <c>make dep clean</c>
># <c>make modules modules_install</c>
></pre>
><p>
>Before installing your new modules, this last line will delete all your previous modules,
>even the ones from a previous ALSA installation.
></p>
><p>
><impo>
>This means, whenever you recompile your kernel later on, you MUST recompile <c>alsa-driver</c>.
></impo>
></p>
><p>
><note>However, there's no need to reinstall <c>nvidia-kernel</c>, the Nvidia drivers are in a separate directory
>in <path>/lib/modules/*/video</path> and won't get deleted by a <c>make modules modules_install</c>
></note>
></p>
></body>
></section>
>
><section>
>	<title>ALSA modules</title>
><body>
>
><p>
>Now it's time to install the ALSA drivers for your soundcard(s). If your soundcard is PCI, you can find out the name
>and type of your soundcard by looking at the output of /proc/pci
><pre># <c>grep audio /proc/pci</c></pre>
></p>
>
><p>
><warn>
>If you had a previous sound setup and there are still non-ALSA sound modules loaded, unload them <e>now</e>.
>Check with <c>lsmod</c> and use <c>rmmod</c> to unload all sound-related modules on your system.
></warn>
></p>
>
><p>
>We could simply do an <c>emerge alsa-driver</c> now, this would compile and install <e>all</e> ALSA sound drivers.
></p>
><p>
>However, to save some time, lookup the <e>Module Name</e> of your soundcard(s) on the
><uri link="http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc">ALSA Soundcard Matrix</uri> by following the <e>Details</e> link in the <e>Driver and Docs</e> column in the row of the chipset of your soundcard.
>Mine is <c>snd-emu10k1</c>, since I have an SBlive! soundcard, with the <e>EMU10K1</e> chipset.
>We'll set ALSA_CARDS environment to the value of the module name before emerging (but without the snd prefix), so emerge will only compile the drivers we need.
></p>
>
><p>
><pre>
># <c>env ALSA_CARDS='emu10k1' emerge alsa-driver</c>
></pre>
></p>
><p>
><note>
>You can also add this value in <path>/etc/make.conf</path>, so when you have to emerge the alsa-driver later on you can just run <c>emerge alsa-driver</c>.
>For example, like this: <c>echo 'ALSA_CARDS="emu10k1"' >> /etc/make.conf</c>
></note>
>
><note>
>When you want to install ALSA drivers for more than one soundcard, you could set ALSA_CARDS to a space-separated list
>of drivers; like this: <c>env ALSA_CARDS='emu10k1 intel8x0 ens1370' emerge alsa-driver</c>
></note>
>
><note>If you want to have OSS compatibility, make sure to emerge <i>alsa-oss</i>, it is the ALSA/OSS compatibility
>wrapper. </note>
>
></p>
><p>
>After this, the ALSA modules should be installed on your system.
></p>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>Configuration of ALSA</title>
><body>
><p>
>Let's start configuring now to get ALSA working properly.
>We'll need to edit some files, to let our system know about the freshly installed ALSA modules.
></p>
><p>
>First file to edit is <path>/etc/modules.d/alsa</path>.
></p>
><warn>
>There is no need to edit <path>/etc/modules.conf</path>. Instead, always edit files in <path>/etc/modules.d</path>.
></warn>
><p>
>Check the ALSA portion <e>at the bottom of the file</e>.
>By tweaking this line you can specify the max number of soundcards you have (generally, just one).
></p>
><p>
><pre caption="At the bottom of /etc/modules.d/alsa">
># Set this to the correct number of cards.
><c>options snd cards_limit=1</c>
></pre>
></p>
><p>
>Now we'll specify the sounddriver(s) ALSA should use. In the same file, edit like this:
><pre caption="In /etc/modules.d/alsa">
>## and then run `update-modules' command.
>## Read alsa-driver's INSTALL file in /usr/share/doc for more info.
>##
>##  ALSA portion
><c>alias snd-card-0 snd-emu10k1</c>
><c>## If you have more than one, add:
>## alias snd-card-1 snd-intel8x0
>## alias snd-card-2 snd-ens1370</c>
>##  OSS/Free portion
>## alias sound-slot-0 snd-card-0
>## alias sound-slot-1 snd-card-1
>##
></pre>
></p>
><p>
><note>
>If you have more than one soundcard, adjust the <c>cards_limit</c> value and add more snd-card aliases to the file.
>I don't have experience with this, but you can find examples for configurations with two or more soundcards in
><uri link="http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc/alsa-howto/c1660.htm">Chapter 6</uri>
>of the <uri link="http://www.alsa-project.org/alsa-doc/alsa-howto/alsa-howto.html">ALSA Howto</uri>.
></note>
></p>
><p>
>Last thing to do in this file, almost at the end, check if these lines are there and uncommented:
><pre caption="Near the end of /etc/modules.d/alsa">
>alias /dev/mixer snd-mixer-oss
>alias /dev/dsp snd-pcm-oss
>alias /dev/midi snd-seq-oss
></pre>
></p>
><p>
>Now double-check the file <path>/etc/modules.d/alsa</path> and when you're sure everyting is ok, run <c>update-modules</c>.
><pre>
># <c>update-modules</c>
></pre>
></p>
><note>
>Running <c>update-modules</c> here will insert the data from <path>/etc/modules.d/alsa</path> into <path>/etc/modules.conf</path>
></note>
><p>
>You should also verify that /etc/devfsd.conf has the alsa devices and permissions correctly registered.
></p>
><pre caption="/etc/devfsd.conf">
># ALSA/OSS stuff
># Comment/change these if you want to change the permissions on
># the audio devices
>LOOKUP          snd          MODLOAD ACTION snd
>LOOKUP          dsp          MODLOAD
>LOOKUP          mixer        MODLOAD
>LOOKUP          midi         MODLOAD
>REGISTER        sound/.*     PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
>REGISTER        snd/.*       PERMISSIONS root.audio 660
></pre>
><note>
>Notice that devfsd.conf sets /dev/sound permissions to be root.audio. Thus, for non-root users to use audio they will have to be part of the audio group.
></note>
></body>
></section>
></chapter>
><chapter>
><title>Starting ALSA</title>
><section>
>	<title>Adding alsasound to a runlevel</title>
><body>
><p>
>First thing to do now, is to make ALSA startup at boottime. Like this:
><pre>
># <c>rc-update add alsasound boot</c>
></pre>
></p>
><p>
><warn>Note that the alsasound script should be added to the "boot" runlevel, not the "default" runlevel.</warn>
></p>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>Running and unmuting</title>
><body>
><p>
>Since we're Linux users, we don't want to reboot. So we'll start the alsasound script manually.
></p>
><pre>
># <c>/etc/init.d/alsasound start</c>
></pre>
><p>
>ALSA is running now. If everything is ok, you should be able to see the ALSA modules loaded when running <c>lsmod</c>.
>However, sound won't work yet, because the channels are still muted. We need <c>alsa-utils</c> for this.
></p>
><pre>
># <c>emerge alsa-utils</c>
># <c>amixer</c>
></pre>
><p>
><warn>
>You shouldn't get this, but <e>if</e> you get an error about "amixer: Mixer attach default error: No such file or directory", you should manually insmod
><c>snd-mixer-oss</c> and <c>snd-pcm-oss</c> once. After that run amixer again.
></warn>
></p>
><pre caption="only if you get an error when running amixer">
># <c>insmod snd-mixer-oss</c>
># <c>insmod snd-pcm-oss</c>
># <c>amixer</c>
></pre>
><p>
>If you got this far, now unmute both Master and PCM channels.
></p>
><p>
><pre>
># <c>amixer set Master 100 unmute</c>
># <c>amixer set PCM 100 unmute</c>
># <c>aplay $KDEDIR/share/sounds/pop.wav</c> <codenote>(pop.wav is part of KDE)</codenote>
></pre>
></p>
>We check to see if sound is working by using the aplay (alsa play) command. If you hear a pop, then sound is indeed working.
>Then, adjust the volume settings to your liking; the ncurses-based <c>alsamixer</c> is a great way to get them "just so".
><p>
>You may want to emerge <c>alsa-xmms</c> as that will provide ALSA support for XMMS.
></p>
>When you reboot your system, the <e>alsasound</e> init script will properly save and restore your volume settings.
></body>
></section>
></chapter>
><chapter>
><title>Final Notes</title>
><section>
>	<title>After kernel-upgrades..</title>
><body>
><p>When you ever rebuild your kernel, or upgrade to another kernel, you'll have to rebuild the ALSA modules.</p>
><p>Although you might have installed <c>alsa-driver</c>, <c>alsa-libs</c> and <c>alsa-utils</c>, only the first will
>have to be installed again, since it will put the alsa modules in
><path>/lib/modules/*/kernel/sound/pci/</path>.</p>
><pre caption="needed after each kernel compile">
># <c>emerge alsa-driver</c>
></pre>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>/etc/modules.autoload</title>
><body>
><p>You won't have to edit this file for use with ALSA. After our <c>rc-update add alsasound boot</c>, our system will
>load the correct modules at startup.</p>
><p>It's not necessary to add <c>snd-pcm-oss</c> or <c>snd-mixer-oss</c> in this file.
>Check the <uri link="http://www.djcj.org/LAU/guide/alsbook/faq1.html">this FAQ</uri> for more info.</p>
></body>
></section>
><section>
>	<title>More links..</title>
><body>
><p>
>You could check these for additional info:
></p>
><p>
><ul>
><li><uri link="http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/desktop.xml">The Gentoo Linux Desktop Configuration Guide</uri></li>
><li><uri link="http://www.alsa-project.org">ALSA Project Homepage</uri></li>
><li><uri link="http://www.alsa-project.org/documentation.php3">ALSA Users Documentation</uri></li>
><li><uri link="http://www.djcj.org">ALSA Howto's and FAQ's</uri></li>
><li><uri link="http://tldp.org/HOWTO/Sound-HOWTO/index.html">Linux Sound HOWTO</uri></li>
><li><uri link="http://linux-sound.org/">Sound and MIDI Software For Linux</uri></li>
></ul>
></p>
></body>
></section>
></chapter>
></guide>

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