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Whether by missing dependancy, or a bug in the distribution, the current zsh
4.1.0_pre7 ebuild 
fails to compile: 

... 
gcc -c -I. -D_LARGEFILE_SOURCE -D_FILE_OFFSET_BITS=64 -DHAVE_CONFIG_H -DMODULE 
-march=pentium3 -O3 -pipe  -fPIC -o pcre..o pcre.c 
pcre.c:36:18: pcre.h: No such file or directory 
pcre.c:38: parse error before '*' token 
pcre.c:38: warning: data definition has no type or storage class 
pcre.c:39: parse error before '*' token 
pcre.c:39: warning: data definition has no type or storage class 
pcre.c: In function `bin_pcre_compile': 
pcre.c:48: `PCRE_ANCHORED' undeclared (first use in this function) 
pcre.c:48: (Each undeclared identifier is reported only once 
pcre.c:48: for each function it appears in.) 
pcre.c:49: `PCRE_CASELESS' undeclared (first use in this function) 
pcre.c:50: `PCRE_MULTILINE' undeclared (first use in this function) 
pcre.c:51: `PCRE_EXTENDED' undeclared (first use in this function) 
pcre.c:55: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast 
pcre.c: In function `bin_pcre_study': 
pcre.c:75: warning: assignment makes pointer from integer without a cast 
pcre.c: In function `bin_pcre_match': 
pcre.c:108: `PCRE_INFO_CAPTURECOUNT' undeclared (first use in this function) 
pcre.c:120: `PCRE_ERROR_NOMATCH' undeclared (first use in this function) 
make[3]: *** [pcre..o] Error 1 
make[3]: Leaving directory 
`/var/tmp/portage/zsh-4.1.0_pre7/work/zsh-4.1.0-dev-7/Src/Modules' 
make[2]: *** [modules] Error 1 
make[2]: Leaving directory
`/var/tmp/portage/zsh-4.1.0_pre7/work/zsh-4.1.0-dev-7/Src' 
make[1]: *** [modules] Error 2 
make[1]: Leaving directory
`/var/tmp/portage/zsh-4.1.0_pre7/work/zsh-4.1.0-dev-7/Src' 
make: *** [all] Error 1 

!!! ERROR: app-shells/zsh-4.1.0_pre7 failed. 
!!! Function src_compile, Line 43, Exitcode 2 
!!! make failed 


The previous zsh installed on my system is 4.0.6-r4

Upgrading to libpcre 4.2-r1 fiixes this problem.  Please change the
dependancies.  The zsh 
4.1.0_pre7 uses libpcre, but doesn't mention it in either DEPENDS or USES, and
libpcre < 
4.2-r1 breaks the zsh build. 

Hum... I downgraded libpcre to dev-libs/libpcre-3.9-r2 but had
no problem with compiling zsh-4.1.0_pre7 and zsh-4.1.1. They are
using libpcre so that they should DEPENDs on or USEs libpcre as
you described, but I cannot decide the version it should be.
Which version of libpcre did you use? And could you attach the 
output of emerge info, please?

Hmm.  I don't remember which libpcre I was using; that's the one bit of info I
didn't capture.  It 
may have been a revision or two prior to 4.2-r1.  I would think that any ebuild
dependancy on 
libpcre (even an unversioned reference) would be preferable to no dependancy at
all. 

I am /fairly/ sure that I had some libpcre installed when I encountered the
error.  I seem to 
remember being perplexed by the error, because it said it couldn't find pcre.h,
and yet it existed 
when I search with 'locate'.    Besides, metalog and kde both depend on
libpcre, and I have both 
of those installed.  Sorry that I can't tell you which version I had the
problem with :-( 

Here's the output from emerge info: 

Portage 2.0.48-r1 (default-x86-1.4, gcc-3.2.2, glibc-2.3.1-r4) 
================================================================= 
System uname: 2.5.75 i686 Intel(R) Pentium(R) 4 CPU 1.80GHz 
GENTOO_MIRRORS="http://www.ibiblio.org/gentoo
ftp://ftp.gtlib.cc.gatech.edu/pub/gentoo 
http://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/gentoo/
ftp://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/gentoo/ 
rsync://csociety-ftp.ecn.purdue.edu/pub/gentoo/
ftp://mirror.iawnet.sandia.gov/pub/gentoo/ 
ftp://ftp.ussg.iu.edu/pub/linux/gentoo" 
CONFIG_PROTECT="/etc /var/qmail/control /usr/kde/2/share/config 
/usr/kde/3/share/config /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb /usr/kde/3.1/share/config 
/usr/share/config" 
CONFIG_PROTECT_MASK="/etc/gconf /etc/env.d" 
PORTDIR="/usr/portage" 
DISTDIR="/usr/portage/distfiles" 
PKGDIR="/usr/portage/packages" 
PORTAGE_TMPDIR="/var/tmp" 
PORTDIR_OVERLAY="/usr/local/portage" 
USE="x86 oss apm crypt encode foomaticdb gif libg++ libwww mad mikmod mmx mpeg 
ncurses nls pdflib quicktime truetype xml2 xmms zlib gtkhtml gdbm berkdb
readline arts tcltk 
java X sdl gpm tcpd ssl esd imlib gtk motif cdr -tetex -lilo -nano -alsa -3dnow
-voodoo3 -matrox 
-scanner -dga -gnome -bonobo -evo -guile -perl -mysql -python -slang -zeo
-inndb -cjk -canna 
-freewnn -mule opengl xv ruby qt qtmt wavelan kamera pda oggvorbis pcmcia spell
gphoto2 ggi 
avi dvd css kde png pam maildir cups jpeg plugins ldap aalib directfb fbcon
svga" 
COMPILER="gcc3" 
CHOST="i686-pc-linux-gnu" 
CFLAGS="-march=pentium3 -O3 -pipe" 
CXXFLAGS="-march=pentium3 -O3 -pipe" 
ACCEPT_KEYWORDS="x86" 
MAKEOPTS="-j2" 
AUTOCLEAN="yes" 
SYNC="rsync://rsync.gentoo.org/gentoo-portage" 
FEATURES="sandbox ccache" 

It is possible that my libpcre install was munged.  With Gentoo, I find that
occasionally some 
arbitrary file will suddenly get the contents of some other file; maybe this is
what happened to 
my pcre.h, and simply re-installing it (albeit a newer version) fixed it. 

FWIW, I encountered no dependancy conflicts with upgrading libpcre.  IMO, I'd
just have zsh 
depend on libpcre 4.2-r1 or greater, and leave it at that.  It has to have
/some/ mention of its 
dependancy on libpcre! 

All right, I checked all libpcre in CVS and all of them don't have
that problem. I'm not sure but libpcre-4.2.ebuild might have had 
the problem (it was removed because of another bug). I added
DEPEND=">=dev-libs/libpcre-3.9" (the oldest version I tested) to 
zsh-4.1.1.ebuild (will soon available in CVS). 
Thank you for your notice.